Heater.



W. P. KLOBUKOWSKI.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 7, 1910.

1,107,966. Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

THE AORRIS PETERS Co.. PHOTO-Unio., WASHINQ lum, u r;

W. P. KLUBUKOWSKI.

HEATER.

APPLIGATION HLBD JULY 7, 1910.

1,107,966, Patented Aug. 18, 1914..

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Illl

'IIIHma rHE NoRRls PETERS co., PHUTDJJTHO., WASHING TUN. D. C.

W. P. KLOBUKGWSKI.

HEATER.

APLIGATION FILEDJULY 7| 1910'. 1,107,966 Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

s WLADYSLAW P. KLOBUKOW'SKI, C F YVAHSAXV,

RUSSIA.

HEATER.

morose.'

Specification of Letters Patent.

vPateneeu Aug. 1s, 1914.

Application filed July 7, 1910. Serial No. 570,801.

To all whom t may concer-n ,Pie it known thatl l, VLADYSLAW P.. KLO- nrkowski, a ysubjectof the Czar of Russia, and .a resident of lvarsaw, Poland, Russia, have inventedy certain AImprovements in Heaters, lof which the following is a specification.

. One objectoffmy invention is to provide a novel form of hot airheater which will efficiently transfer-the .heat of the products of. combustion to the. air to be used in heating, withoutat any time exposing said air to such .af high temperature as to .burn or decompose the dust or other organic solids or gases 'carried thereby; the arrangement of vparts being, suchy that all contact of the aiiywith surfaces at abnormally high temperatureJ is avoided.

Another fobjeet lofthe invention is to providendieater with ,a novel arrangement of conduits forjgraduallyand completely transmitting.theiheat from the products of combustionato theair to be heated; the-inventionl alsoY contemplating a novel con` struction whereby heated air is delivered into the firetpot or combustion chamber of theheatersoas toinsure the rcomplete comtion of my bustion of gaseous material and solid particles driven oiff from the fuel in order to effectually prevent the .Y production of smoke.

I further desirel 4to provide a heater of the above. noted general `character with improvedv means for supplyingy moisture to the heated air inl direct. proportionto the 'quantit-y and temperature of saidl air; the arrangement being such-as to most efficiently perfbrmthe Various func-tions aboyenoted while at ,the same time being compactand substantialinconstruct-ion. s

These objects Aand other advantageous endsr I secureas hereinafter-set forth, reference beingha d to the, accompanying drawings, in whicht* y, y .p u

ligure 1, isa verticalv section illustrating the., preferred; arrangement.y and construeimproyedheaterg.Figs, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are respectively horizontal sections taken on, thev linesefe, ily-b, @-0, and lf-fl, @t F l Fis 6. isa fragmentary vertical section ofay portion-of the preferred. form of `humidifier employed, ,as part of my heater ,j Fig. "T, is a fragmentary Yplan of the ln'miidiershown in Figa, and Fig. 8 is a fragmenta ry rperspectivve- View i illustrating in detailv certain features vof..my. invention.

Iiithe aboveL drawings, 1 represents a supporting struct-ure of any suitable form having passages 2 forthe supply of, cold air to the heater and so placed as to open into the bottom outside `parts of the main hea ter casing which is preferably formed of two walls 3 and 3a of sheet metal, made one within the other, but separated so as to have between them a thin body of dead air for insulating purposes. Within the center `of the casing is mounted `the heater proper, which consists of a re pot 4. having a grate 5, an ash pit 6, and a combustion chamber l7 abo-.e the tire potfroin Whichal numberaof smoke pipes S lead upwardly through a horizontally placed, ring-shapedv collecting pipe 9 to a single pipe. 10 connected to a stack. It is to be noted that the fire pot is made in a number of independently remov-y able sections 4ta, one vertical edge of each of which is .designed 1 to lit into a suitably formed recess in the adjacent edge of `an,- other section. These sections are partly kept in place by one of the edges of thetube 14 which iits into an annular recess formed in the top edges of said fire pot sections, and partly byan annular shoulderon the top of the ash pit structure. By this construction it is possible to very easily remoyey and replace any partofthe lire pot which mayat any timev be injured or burnt out bythe in. tense heat; thevarious joints being preferably made gastight by means of asbestos or other suitable cement. Y f Surrounding the lire pot and` ash pit, but spaced away from the Walls of the. same, is an inclosing 4casing 11 so arrangedthat the space between it and said ash pit and lire box walls connects at the bottom with Ia horizontal flue or air box l2 leading through the main heater casing to the front of vthe furnace, where it isproyided with adoorc having' one or more dampers.-

l As shown in Figs. 3 .and-keertain portions of` this space inside of thecasing 11 is divided by Vertical partitions to form -conduits 13 communicating with the annular y tube 14, as shown particularly vat thelefthand side of* Fig. 1, said tube being removably mounted immediately above the fuelcontaining portions of the'fire pot, and-.provided with` a series of openings 15 whereby air may be discharged into the interior of the tire pot and combustion chamber. Other conduits, v1 "1,'formed by the aforesaid verti-r cal partitions, thel fire-pot 4 and the casing, 11, open into the space, 17, defined` or ini iii...

closed by the plate, 19, the outer wall of the combustion chamber, 7, and a cover plate, 18, there being two sets of conduits, 2O and 21, each having their upper ends connecting with the space, 17, and thence extending downwardly therefrom, one of the sets of conduits, 20, having its lower end leading into the ash-pit, (5; the other set of conduits, 21, having their lower ends connecting with the air-box or conduit, 12, located beneath the ash-pit, as shown in Fig. 1. lt will thus he seen that one set of conduits, 20, enters the top of the ash-pit, G, while the other set of conduits, 21, enters the air-box or conduit, 12. Said conduits, 2O and 21, as shown in Figs. 3 and Ll, may be ordinary pipes 10, of circular cross section suitably incased, though they preferably have a corrugated or other form of extended surface in order to facilitate the rapid transfer of heat through their walls. Het air pipes 22 lead from the top of the main heater casing to any desired distributing system for the hot air, and with this arrangement of parts, when fuel is burnt in the fire pot 4, the heat therefrom is transferred to the cold air delivered from the openings 2 in such a manner that any organic material carried by said air is not burnt or exposed to such a high temperature as will decompose any of its constituents.

Suitable doors, not shown, are provided for the ash pit and fire box, although the first of these is preferably kept closed eX- cept when it is desired to' remove ashes.

A greater or less amount of air is delivered into the conduit or air-box 12 through its door or through the dampers/therein, and of this air a portion rises within the conduits 13a which communicate with the air box 12 and enters the space 17 after passing the highly heated walls of the fire pot and combustion chamber, thus becoming heated to a high temperature. From this space it passes down through the conduits 2O and 21, flowing` from the first of these to the ash pit 6 and thence through the grate, thus materially aiding in the combustion of the fuel. The remainder of the heated air from the space 17 passes through the conduits 21 into the conduit or air box 12, whence, as before described, a portion of it, with a certain proportion of fresh cold air, passes up through the conduits 13a. The second part ofthe air from the conduit `or box 12 passes up through the conduits 1B alongside of thehre pot 1 and from thence enters the annular and highly heated conduit 14-3 being delivered through the openings 15 thereof immediately abovethe surface of said fuel in said fire pot. rl`his highly heated air so far aids in the combustion of the gases driven off from the fuel as to cause these to be completely burnt, likewise causing complete burning of the solid particles of fuel, thereby most eifectually preventing smoke and materially adding to the efficiency of the heater.

rllhe cold air passing up from the conduits liuto the space within the main heater casing necessarily flows around the extensive surface presented by the conduits 2O and 21 as well as over the outside surface of the casing 11', the pipes 8 and the cover 18. Tvllhile all of these surfaces are heated, their temperature is not sufficiently high to decompose or injuriously affect any of the organic constituents of the air-,the proportioning of the conduits S being such that their parts eX- posed to this air are at a moderateternperature such as to insure the desired results. Owing to the large surface thus presented, the air within the main heater casing is thoroughly and rapidly heated to the desired. temperature and passes out through the pipes 22. By means of adamper 23 of any suitable form, the flow of air into the conduits 13 may be regulated at Will.

ln order to supply moisture to the' air in sufficient amounts to secure the best hygienic conditions, I provide a sectional annular humidifier 25 preferably mounted upon horizontal portions of the conduits 20 surrounding and immediately` adjacent to the casing 11. les shown in Figs. 6 and 7, said humidifier preferably consists of a narrow, relatively deep, annular container 25 whose outer wall is less in height than its inner wall, whichl has surrounding it a series of concentric channels 25, 25h, etc., arranged in stepped form and having through it a number of openings 26 for the passage of air. If desired, an overflow opening 28 may be arranged from the lower-most of these channels to carry off the surplus water. ln order to increase the rate of evaporation of the water from this device, without adjusting it, I may mount in the container 25 an annular body of fire brick or other relatively porous material; preferably forming this in a series of sections and hanging it outwardly as shown at 29, so that under operating conditions liquid drawn up into it by capillary action is thoroughly exposed to the action of the rising currents of air.` By reason of the fact that this humidifying device is mounted around and immediately ad-v jacent to the casing 11 or directly around the fire pot if the casing should be omitted, the liquid within it is heated to an extent in a great degree proportional to the temperature of the fire pot and 4to the rate at `which fuel is burned in the heater, sov that the amount of liquid evaporated bears al definite relation to the volume4 of air which is heated. rl`hus when-the heateris driven to its full capacity, the air delivered therefrom is more highly heated and passes through it in greater quantities than when. it is burning less fuel, and the amount of moisture supplied by the air is automatically regulated, 'being at all times supplied in'tthe `desired and necessary amounts.

` v'By the above arrangement of parts, the

lcon'il'nistion maybe very .accurately controlle'd by the regulation of the amount of air delivered to the box or conduit l2 and also by the amount lsupplied therefrom to the tube ift; it being possible at all times to prevent the escape of smoke from the combustion chamber to the staclr'since the supply of hot air immediately above the surface of the fuel causes all smoke as Well as gases to be completely burnt.- Above all, the air lto be heated is` not at any time allowed to str'he highly heated surfaces, being delivered Afrom the heaterv at the. desired temperature andin the best condition from a hygienicl standpoint, since it is free from the various cle-composition products otherwise present.

It is to be noted that the casing ll and associated parts may, from my invention, forms of heaters in order to prevent the contact ofthe air, used in heating', With the intensely heated metal surfaces of the lire pot,

combustion chamber, etc. j

i Thile I have described and `illustrated the container constitutingthe hopper as formed in a number of steps, itis obvious that the angle and detail arrangement ofl these may be varied Within Wide limits Without departing from my invention; the object of which is to provide a Water container immediately adjacent the sides of the lire pot. 'It is of course immaterial as to Whether the source of heat with which my invention is used be a lire pot in Which fuel is burnt, a steam or water radiator, or an electric heater, since in any case there is the cer tainty that air to be heated will be exposed to contact with metallic surfaces at a high ten'iperatiu'e. -My invention therefore contemplates any form of heater in Which an initial source of heatvis spaced away from a structure having a heat radiating surface` in combination With the necessary conduits or structures 'for circulating some heat transferring medium such asA air between the source of heatl and the said structure and the necessary conduits for causing the air to be heated to pass over and adjacent the heat radiating surface.

I claim;-

its without departing ing-.having a lire-pot, an ash-pit, andan air-box; sets of conduits in the casing, certain of the conduits of one set having both ends connected to the air-box, and the conduits of another'set having one end connected to said air-box and the other end connected to the ash-pit; and means for supplyving air to and receiving it from the space surrounding said sets of conduits. y 2. The combination in a heater, of a casbe applied to. other l. The combination in a heater, of a. cas

ing having a fire-pot, an ash-pit, and an airbox; sets of conduits in the casing, certain of the conduits of one set having both ends connected to the air-box and the conduits of another ot' said sets having one end connected to said air-box and the other end connected to the ash-pit, the conduits of a third surrounding the tire-pot and having openings thereinto above the fuel level thereof and being connected to said air-box; and means for supplying' air to and receiving it from the space around said sets of conduits.

The combination in a heater of a casing having a lire-pot, an ash-pit and a combustion chamber above the lire-pot; a second casing inside the first casing inclosing the ash-pit and tire-pot, said second casing hav` ing vertical partitions forming a set of conduits surrounding the `lire-pot; a box under 'the ash-pit connected with the lower portions of said set of conduits and adapted to connect with a source of air supply; other conduits connecting the upper portion of said set of conduits with said box; and means for supplying air to and receiving it from said casing.

1t. The combination in a heater of a casing; an `ash pit, a lire pot, and a combustion chamber therein; a second casing inside of the first casing inclosing the ash pit and fire pot and provided with vertical partitions forming a set of conduits adjacent the lire pot; a box under the ash pit connected with said set of conduits and in communication With a source of air supply; tivo sets of conduits respectively connecting the upper portions of said rst set of conduits with said box and with the ash pit; With conduits for supplying air to and receiving it from said casing.

5. The combination in a heater of a cas ing; a lire pot therein having a set of-vertical conduits adjacent its outside surface, of which certain open into the iire pot; a box connected `to all of said conduits and in communication with a source of air supply; and conduits connecting the upper portions of others of said set of conduits vwith said box; with conduits for supplying air to and receiving it from said casing.

6. The combination in a heater of a casing; a fire pot and an ash pit therein; a set of vertical conduits adjacent the outside surface of said lire pot, of which certain open into the tire pot; a box connected to said conouits and 'connected to a source of air supply; two sets of conduits connected to the upper portions of others of said irst set of conduits; certain of said second-named conduits being connected to said box and others being' connected to the ash pit; With conduits for supplyiiigair to and receiving it from said casing.

7. The combination in a heater of a main outside casing; o, fire pot und ou ash pit iu the casing; o Second casing sui-rounding seid lii'e pot; u structiu'e Wit-hin the main casing iuciosiugl e portion oit said Second casing; Suid structure including conduits connecting tbe upper end oit' the, Space between the fire Acot und the second casing with the ash pit; with conduits for supplying uil: to und ieoeiviugg' it. from said umili casing'.

8. The combiimtioii iu o heater of :i mein outs' le casing; o tire pot, ou ash pit7 und en :iiibox in Said moin casing; o Second easing; o Structure extending' oiouud e portion ot the second coeiug Within the moin casing und iucludii'ig o Set of conduits of which ce1- tiiiu connect the space between the tire pot und the second casing With the ash pit, und others connect Suid spuce With the oii' box; with conduits for supplying eil' to oud receiving it from seid main. casing respectively.

9. lu heetei', the combination with it czxeiug.l` u fire-pot, au ash-pit5 mid ou air-box, of conduits within the casing Surrounding the tire-pot :md connecting with the airbox and ode ed to circulate im initial body of oir, moz-ms toi' gossiog :i Second body ot ziii' in Contact with the conduits conveying the W Copies of this patent may be obtained for ive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of etexits, Washington, D. C. 

